In Sima Qian's "Historical Records", "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" is one of the most fascinating stories. The story tells three stories: "Returning the Perfect Bibi to Zhao", "Meeting in Mianchi" and "Pleading for Sin". It vividly describes the story of Lian Po, the famous general of Zhao State, and Lin Xiangru, the envoy of Zhao State.

Lian Po is a hero known for his bravery; while Lin Xiangru is good at dealing with diplomatic issues and has great wisdom. This narrative reflects the difference that contrasting characters can make, especially when faced with challenges.

This article will translate "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" into modern Chinese and explain the meaning of some words. We will also focus on analyzing the function of this article, especially the help for the DSE Chinese exam.

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Highlights

• "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" records three stories: "Returning the Perfect Bi to Zhao", "Meeting in Mianchi", and "Pleading for Sin under a Thorn"
• Through the comparison between Lian Po and Lin Xiangru, it shows the reactions of different personality traits in the face of difficulties.
• Provide modern language translation, analyze the meaning of Tongqi words, and help readers understand the content of the article
• Analyze the key points of the DSE Chinese exam to improve candidates' test-taking abilities
• It embodies the ideological connotation of "peace is the most precious" in traditional Chinese culture.

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A brief introduction to the biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru

"The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" tells the story of two important figures in the Zhao State during the Warring States Period in "Historical Records". They are Lian Po and Lin Xiangru respectively. This article vividly describes Lian Po's bravery and strength, and also illustrates Lin Xiangru's intelligence and eloquence. At the same time, it also shows the challenges faced by Zhao Guo at that time.

The biographies include the stories of "Returning the Perfect Bi to Zhao", "Meeting in Mianchi" and "Pleading for Sin". Through these stories, Sima Qian emphasized the theme of the article. He praised Lin Xiangru's loyalty and intelligence, while criticizing Lian Po's shortcomings.

Classic chapters in "Historical Records"

"The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" is very important in "Historical Records". Sima Qian introduced the vivid deeds of the characters through this book. He showed the real situation of society at that time. This article depicts the souls and opposition of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru with wonderful stories and interactions.

Sima Qian's writing purpose

In this book, Sima Qian especially praised Lin Xiangru's character. He described how Lin dealt with Qin's threats tactfully. This shows Lin Xiangru's talents in diplomacy and protecting national interests.

But Sima Qian also criticized Lian Po's arrogance and disadvantages. He hoped to highlight Lin Xiangru's excellence by comparing the two. At the same time, the problem of Lian Po was also pointed out.

In short, "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" shows the political and social conditions of the time through in-depth stories. Sima Qian also expressed his views on different characters in this book. This book is regarded as a classic in "Historical Records". He helped future generations better understand the history of the Warring States Period. GETUTOR Chinese private tutoring provides professional ancient Chinese teaching to help you easily master the translation and background knowledge of "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru".

The whole story of the return of the perfect jade to Zhao

The return of the intact jade to Zhao is a famous event in "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru". It shows the tense situation of Zhao State facing the threat of Qin State during the Warring States Period. This story begins when the State of Chu presented precious jade and clan jade to King Huiwen of the State of Zhao. This aroused the idea of taking Qin.

The origin of Chu State's He's Bi

He's Bi was originally the treasure of Chu State. There are stories that it was made by ancient jade craftsmen. This piece of jade is bright and perfect, symbolizing the authority of the king and the prosperity of the country. Chu State gave it to Zhao State, hoping to further strengthen their friendship.

King Qin Zhao’s proposal to exchange fifteen cities for jade

King Qin Zhao was very moved when he heard about this. He sent people to the State of Zhao and made a so-called request for fifteen cities in exchange for He's Bi. This proposal was like a stone dropped in the lake, causing Emperor Zhao and his people to panic.

King Zhao Huiwen’s Dilemma

King Huiwen was in trouble. He could not accept Qin's unreasonable demands, but he was afraid that he would be attacked if he refused. Under the persuasion of Guoyu Fei, Miao Xian recommended sending Lin Xiangru to plead with Qin.

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Lin Xiangru went to Qin as an envoy

When Zhao State faced Qin State's request to exchange He's Bi for the city, the situation was very difficult. To hand over the jade but not receive the promised city is to be deceived. But if he refuses, Qin may launch a war.

Lin Xiangru’s life background

Lin Xiangru came from the state of Zhao and was a retainer. He is smart and loyal and does good things for Zhao.

Lin Xiangru was brave and far-sighted. These characteristics contributed to his place in history.

Miao Xian recommended Lin Xiangru as the envoy

Miao Xian pushed the problem of sending an envoy to Qin to King Zhao. He strongly suggested sending Lin Xiangru to deal with it.

King Zhao finally listened to Miao Xian's words. He appointed Lin Xiangru as the special envoy of Zhao State and went to Qin State.

Although Lin Xiangru came from a poor background, his intelligence and loyalty earned him praise. Diplomats who were loyal to their country were very important during the Warring States Period.

Lin Xiangru's diplomatic mission reflected his diplomatic talent. At the same time, it also shows the wise decision of the eunuch Miao Xian and the monarch of Zhao. This story illustrates how three key figures worked together to create a classic chapter of history.

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The Confrontation between King Qin and Lin Xiangru

After Lin Xiangru arrived in Qin, King Qin Zhao arranged a banquet. They seemed to be treating Lin Xiangru warmly, but there was a conspiracy hidden behind them. The King of Qin wanted to use force to threaten Lin Xiangru and hand over the precious He's Bi, and then oppress the State of Zhao. However, Lin Xiangru used his wit and negotiation skills to deal with King Qin's request intelligently.

Faced with King Qin's tough behavior, Lin Xiangru cleverly said that the jade was flawed. He hinted that what King Qin wanted was not perfect. He also held on to the pillar to express that he would rather destroy the jade than surrender to Qin. Lin Xiangru's powerful words and tenacious attitude frightened King Qin and made him suspend his war plans first.

Lin Xiangru said: "There is a flaw in the bi, please tell me." He stood up holding the bi and leaning on the pillar. The King of Qin was afraid and changed his face, saying: "Sit down! What's the matter?" Lin Xiangru said: "The king uses the strong to bully the weak, uses the masses to bully the few, and uses slander to confuse the people. He can destroy Zhao and not get the jade. If the minister dies but does not lose the jade, what's more? Anengde City!"

In fact, King Zhao Huiwen had already discussed it before Lin Xiangru went to Qin. They considered using fifteen cities in exchange for the Heshi Bi that King Qin wanted. The idea behind this provided strong support for Lin Xiangru's trip. Faced with the persecution of King Qin, Lin Xiangru remained calm and showed superb diplomatic skills and strategies to defend the country.

In summary, Lin Xiangru relied on his excellent diplomatic skills and determination to defend his country and defeated the threat of Qin. This wonderful confrontation not only highlighted Lin Xiangru's wisdom and courage, but also bought precious time for Zhao. Sima Qian's "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" vividly describes this diplomatic contest, leaving important lessons for future generations to learn. Through GETUTOR Chinese private tutoring, students can deeply understand the story behind this historical event and grasp the key points of the article.

• Lin Xiangru used tact and momentum to resolve the threat of King Qin and safeguard national interests.
• King Qin Zhao wanted to seize He's Bi by force, but was deterred by Lin Xiangru's words.
• Sima Qian vividly described this diplomatic game in "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru"

Lin Xiangru was clever and resourceful

Point out that the jade is defective

Lin Xiangru was the first to notice that He's jade was not perfect. He said there was something wrong with the treasure, which made King Qin suspicious of it. His words were clever and polite, which aroused King Qin's suspicion.

Yi Zhu angrily rebuked the King of Qin

Then Lin Xiangru stood up, leaned against the pillar, and seriously criticized King Qin. He criticized King Qin's behavior as unfair and contrary to the right path. Lin Xiangru's words moved everyone present.

Threats and jade are both broken

Finally, Lin Xiangru announced that he would throw down Heshibi and would rather destroy it than surrender. He was not afraid of death and insisted on defending Zhao's dignity. Lin Xiangru's courage shocked King Qin.

Lin Xiangru relied on wit and courage to resolve this diplomatic crisis. He preserved He's Bi and protected Zhao's interests. He demonstrated the intelligence and courage that a diplomat should have.

Through the story "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru", we understand Lin Xiangru's excellent diplomatic skills. He is observant, calm and adaptable, and defends Zhao State with wisdom and courage. Lin Xiangru became an example for future generations to learn from.

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The background of the Mianchi Meeting

King Zhao of Qin forced the city with a jade

Although King Qin Zhao waited to see, he still did not give up. He used He's Bi to threaten the State of Zhao. King Zhao of Qin secretly sent a message to King Zhao, threatening to fight if he did not cede the land. This is an example of King Qin Zhao's political tactics, using jade to force the other party to make concessions.

Lian Po's response

King Zhao Huiwen understood that if he gave in to Qin, he would lose his land. So he sent Lian Po, who was good at using soldiers, to block Qin's attack. Lian Po led his army to Mianchi and confronted the Qin army. The two sides were temporarily balanced, waiting for the other's move.

The meeting in Mianchi symbolized the diplomatic crisis between Zhao and Qin. Lian Po and Lin Xiangru engaged in a battle of force and wisdom for the interests of Zhao. This duel became a classic chapter in diplomacy during the Warring States Period.

The background of the Mianchi Meeting illustrates the complex diplomacy between countries during the Warring States Period. King Qin Zhao tried to use jade to force Zhao to give up land, while King Zhao Huiwen sent Lian Po to fight. This incident is regarded as one of the climaxes in "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru".

The confrontation between Lian Po and Lin Xiangru in Mianchi

King Qin hosted a banquet to entertain

King Qin Zhao knew that Lian Po had extraordinary prestige, so he specially arranged a banquet. He hoped to use this opportunity to talk to Lian Po face to face. This may eliminate misunderstandings and reduce the antagonism between the two countries.

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Lian Po refused to attend the banquet

Unfortunately, Lian Po treated King Qin Zhao's invitation lightly. He thought that attending the party would lose his dignity and refused. This move embarrassed King Qin Zhao and added to the tension between the countries.

Lin Xiangru realized the seriousness of the crisis and went to Lian Po to persuade him frankly. He pointed out that refusing the invitation would define Qin's war. In view of Zhao's tight military strength, if he went to war with Qin, the consequences would be disastrous.

Under Lin Xiangru's sincere persuasion, Lian Po finally agreed to attend the banquet. The decision helped ease tensions between the two countries. It also creates opportunities for future diplomatic negotiations.

The Mianchi Meeting summarizes the diplomatic situation between Qin and Zhao during the Warring States Period. Lin Xiangru used his unique diplomatic wisdom to successfully resolve the tension caused by Lian Po. He helped Zhao Guo gain precious breathing time. This incident demonstrated his outstanding political and diplomatic talents.

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Lin Xiangru is eloquent and eloquent

In addition, he once again showed his eloquence at the Mianchi meeting and helped Lian Po. Through his verbal skills, he not only solved the problem, but also demonstrated his talents as a diplomat.

Lin Xiangru said: "I came here as an envoy to complete the work of the bi. Now that the bi is completed, I dare not say anything more about other matters." The king of Qin said to Lin Xiangru: "Qin is so strong, how can it want to invade Zhao just for the sake of a single bi?" "What?" Lin Xiangru said to him: "Qin was strong and Zhao was weak, so I was able to return the jade intact." - "Historical Records: Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru"

Lin Xiangru's conversation with the King of Qin showed his acumen and sense of proportion. He not only protected the interests of Zhao State, but also skillfully resolved disputes. This diplomatic wisdom is the key for Zhao to gain a firm foothold.

In general, Lin Xiangru showed extraordinary language wisdom and diplomatic skills in the biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru. He knew when to speak appropriately to fight for the interests of Zhao State. This talent is a common characteristic between him and the diplomats of his time. GETUTOR Chinese private tutoring can help you have a deeper understanding of Lin Xiangru's talents and characteristics.

The King of Qin once again took the jade to force the city

After the Mianchi meeting, King Qin Zhao saw that Lian Po's attitude was very stubborn. He felt that Lian Po was too self-righteous, so he decided to take out the jade to force Zhao. King Zhao of Qin thought that Lian Po was so proud and disrespected Qin, so he should use Baoyu again to force him to cede land to Zhao.

Threatening Lian Po with a jade jade

King Qin Zhao took out the Heshi Bi in front of his face and said very harsh words to Lian Po. He asked why Zhao Guo had not fulfilled his promise to exchange the city for the jade. The King of Qin had a tough tone and asked Lian Po to negotiate with him with the jade bi, forcing him to obey.

Lian Po was angry and avoided the table.

Lian Po was furious when he heard this and walked away angrily. He felt that King Qin's request was too unreasonable and felt very insulted. As a famous general, he could not endure such humiliation. So he left angrily, unwilling to sit down and talk to King Qin again.

Lin Xiangru saw this scene and hurriedly stopped Lian Po. He advised Lian Po not to be impulsive. Doing so may destroy previous efforts.

Lin Xiangru urged Lian Po to

Lin Xiangru came forward and persuaded Lian Po with persuasive words. He said: "General Lian, on behalf of the entire Zhao State, you cannot take risks for personal grudges. If the King of Qin forces the city with a jade, it will be difficult for Zhao to resist." Lin Xiangru reminded Lian Po to consider the greater interests and not to be swayed by personal emotions.

• Lin Xiangru understood the truth and pointed out that Lian Po must consider the overall interests of Zhao.
• Lin Xiangru was moved with emotion and warned that disobedience might lead to a crisis for Zhao.

After Lin Xiangru's repeated guidance, Lian Po finally calmed down and returned to the banquet. Although he was not angry at King Qin's injustice, he chose to endure it for the sake of Zhao. GETUTOR Chinese private tutoring (free matching) getutor.com.hk/findtutor provides targeted classical Chinese teaching to help you easily grasp the essentials of the text.

The incident of asking for forgiveness

After the meeting in Mianchi ended, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru returned to Zhao. At the meeting, King Qin's words angered Lian Po. He felt unhappy and dissatisfied with Lin Xiangru's performance.

Lin Xiangru knew they had to solve this problem. He felt that if Lian Po's anger was not relieved, their future cooperation would be affected. So he decided to take the initiative to apologize to Lian Po.

Lian Po’s anger and arrogance

Lian Po was a famous general in Zhao State with great courage. But he is sometimes too proud, to his own detriment. At the Mianchi banquet, King Qin provoked him, and he left the banquet angrily.

Lin Xiangru apologized naked

Lin Xiangru saw through the general trend and decided to go find Lian Po himself. He apologized to Lian Po with simple clothes and sincerity.

He said that he should be punished for what he did at that banquet that made everyone angry. He said that he would accept any punishment, as long as General Lian could forgive him, he would be happy.

Lin Xiangru said: "I know that I am guilty, but I can't blame the general for his insensitivity, so I dare to die!"

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The two men settled their feud

Lin Xiangru's sincere repentance made Lian Po feel ashamed. He found that he had placed too much trust in force and considered too little of the overall situation. On the contrary, Lin Xiangru's wisdom and resourcefulness can bring progress to Zhao.

Therefore, Lian Po was relieved. He and Lin Xiangru reconciled, and from then on they were no longer allies.

The incident of asking for forgiveness resolved the conflicts between them. This shows Lin Xiangru's great character. He doesn't care about personal grudges, he looks at the overall situation. This event not only made them successful, but also left behind important wisdom.

Writing characteristics of biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru

"Historical Records: Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" tells the story of two important figures during the Warring States Period. These vivid descriptions demonstrate the author Sima Qian's superb story writing skills. Lian Po's bravery and Lin Xiangru's wisdom make the entire historical story full of vitality.

Distinctive characters

The character portraits of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru are very prominent. Sima Qian described Lian Po's bravery and Lin Xiangru's wit. The contrast between them makes the story full of vitality.

Whether it is Lian Po's boldness or Lin Xiangru's wit, they fully demonstrate their characters.

Dialogue is vivid and expressive

In the story, Sima Qian cleverly used dialogue. Through dialogue, the character's psychology and personality are directly revealed. For example, Lin Xiangru wisely saved himself from King Qin's plan, and the changes in the hearts of the two people were clear at a glance.

Narrative twists and turns

The plot of the story is varied and full of legend. From "returning the perfect jade to Zhao" to the final "asking for forgiveness", each story is intertwined and fascinating.

There is suspense hidden in every detail, such as Lin Xiangru's witty method when selecting the jade stone, which is deeply impressive after reading. In addition, there are many witty and humorous moments, which also makes the story richer.

Reading "Historical Records·Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" can make people deeply moved. The author's delicate brushstrokes reproduce historical scenes, allowing readers to remember them forever. From stories, we can learn valuable lessons from ancient wisdom and history.

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Analysis of Lian Po’s Character Image

Sima Qian described the famous general Lian Po in a profound way in "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru". He was an important general in the era of King Zhao Huiwen. Lian Po defeated Qi and brought Yang Jin back to Zhao.

Fortunately, Lin Xiangru secretly helped. He stopped Lian Po's reckless behavior. This prevented Lian Po from putting Zhao State in danger.

However, Lian Po did not understand the rules at all. He followed Lin Xiangru's advice and returned to the banquet. When Lin Xiangru came to apologize and resolve the dispute in person, he accepted it calmly.

Although Lian Po was very arrogant, he also respected others very much. In comparison, Lin Xiangru was astute and strategic, and was loyal to his country.

Generally speaking, although Lian Po is a top general, he still has flaws. His strengths and weaknesses are impressive. Sima Qian's vivid brushwork of Lian Po is attractive and rich in meaning.

By carefully analyzing his story, we can not only have a deeper understanding of "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru". You can also learn important life lessons from them. Now we should imitate the advantages of Lianpo and remember to avoid being blunt. In this way, we can move forward better and achieve greater success.

Character Analysis of Lin Xiangru

In "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru", the image of Lin Xiangru is profoundly displayed. He was witty, eloquent, and loyal to his country. This makes his character very three-dimensional.

Witty and eloquent diplomat

A loyal and patriotic envoy

As a retainer, Lin Xiangru deeply loved Zhao. He bet his life with the God of Death to obtain He's Bi for his country. He bravely responded to the challenge and safeguarded Zhao's interests.

A sincere and open-minded gentleman

In the matter of "bearing a thorn to plead guilty", Lin Xiangru admitted his mistake to Lian Po. This shows his sincerity. He respects Lian Po's past and repairs their friendship.

Lin Xiangru, naked and carrying a thorn tree, visited the door and thanked him, saying: "You are a despicable person who does not know the honor and destiny, how dare you..."

In general, Lin Xiangru was a diplomatic wise man and a model of a loyal envoy and a humble king. Sima Qian's brushstrokes reveal his charm. His image is inspiring.

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DSE Chinese sample essay "Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" Assessment Key Points

If you want to get high scores in the DSE Chinese exam, it is important to understand the classical Chinese text "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru". This article was written by Sima Qian in "Historical Records". It tells the story of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru, and shows the diplomatic wisdom and character of people during the Warring States Period.

Comprehension and application of content words in classical Chinese

There are many difficult-to-understand content words in the article, such as "tu", "de", "righteousness", etc. In this story, "disciple" refers to a soldier or infantryman. For example, the article says: "Lin Xiangru only knew Lian Po, but did not know that there was a King of Qin." The "disciple" here refers to the soldier who is "Lian".

Mastering the meaning of these content words will make it easier for you to understand the article.

Understanding and using function words in classical Chinese

The article also uses many function words, such as "zhi", "er", "yi", etc. For example, "zhi" is often used with nouns to express belonging. For example, the word "zhi" in "王之冠也" means that the noun "guo" belongs to "王".

Understanding the usage of function words will help you grasp the main idea of the article.

Comparison of ancient and modern word meanings

Some words have different meanings in ancient times and today and require special attention. For example, "sheren" in ancient times meant being a guest, but today it means giving up others and staying with others. For another example, "to make" was a verb in ancient times, referring to dispatch. Now it has become a preposition, expressing cause and effect.

Comparing the different meanings of ancient and modern words can help us have a correct understanding of the original text.

In general, if you want to do well in the exam, "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" is a required essay. Practice understanding the meaning of classical Chinese and the difference between ancient and modern word meanings. This way you can do well on the exam.

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in conclusion

Sima Qian's "Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" is very famous. It tells three vivid stories: "The perfect jade returned to Zhao", "The meeting in Mianchi" and "Begging for forgiveness". These describe the stories of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru. Their personalities are completely different. Lian Po is very brave and tough but a little proud. Lin Xiangru is very wise and loyal.

Sima Qian accurately depicts them. He profoundly described the characteristics of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru. These descriptions leave a lasting impression on the reader.

In addition, "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" also shows the praise of Lin Xiangru's intelligence and great mind. Lin Xiangru warmed people's hearts with his wisdom and sincerity. These stories reflect the value of peace. This value is also important in today's society.

These good qualities are not only helpful for personal growth. In modern society, these qualities are also critical for getting along with people and working.

For students who want to achieve good results in the DSE Chinese exam, it is important to understand "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru". By analyzing the characters and skills in the story, it can help you perform better on exams. GETUTOR Chinese private tutoring will help you understand the skills of classical Chinese and get good grades easily! Welcome to visit getutor.com.hk/findtutor for more information.